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Objective: To investigate the mechanisms of work-family conflict (WFC) and work-family enrichment (WFE) between job demands and subjective well-being (SWB) among nurses. Methods: A total of 1 420 nurses were selected as the study subjects from five tertiary public hospitals in Shandong Province using two-stage sampling method. Job Demands-Resources Scale, Work-Family Relationship Scale and General Well-Being Scale were used for investigating the job demands, job resources, WFC, WFE, and SWB. Results: The average score of SWB in nurses was (75.5±15.1). Job demands had a negative effect on SWB in nurses (standardized regression coefficient=-0.17, P<0.01). WFC and WFE played parallel mediating roles in the relationship between job demands and SWB, with the mediating effect values of -0.29 and -0.07, respectively (both P<0.01). The interaction of job resources and job demands positively affected WFC (standardized regression coefficient<0.01, P<0.01). Conclusion: Job demands affect SWB through the mediating roles of WFC and WFE, and the impact of job demands on WFC is moderated by job resources. The effect of job demands on WFC is relatively strong in nurses with high levels of job resources, but the difference in the effect of high and low levels of job resources is small.
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Resumen Objetivo: El presente artículo de revisión tuvo como objetivo proporcionar una puesta al día acerca de la teoría e investigación sobre articulación trabajo-familia. Método: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica de artículos a texto completo correspondiente a los últimos cinco años (2011-2016) en bases de datos definidas como Grupo 1 (calidad AAA) por el Conicet, utilizando los descriptores: articulación trabajo-familia, conflicto trabajo-familia, enriquecimiento trabajo-familia. Luego de delimitar los resultados en función de determinados criterios de selección, se trabajó con un total de 54 artículos. Resultados: La revisión realizada permitió sistematizar los principales mecanismos de vinculación de la interfase trabajo-familia, sus dimensiones constitutivas, las variables antecedentes y consecuentes, así como los instrumentos de medición desarrollados para evaluarla. De la misma surge que la literatura sobre el constructo ha estado dominada por la perspectiva del conflicto. A su vez, la inexistencia de un marco teórico integrador para el aspecto positivo de la articulación trabajo-familia ha dificultado las investigaciones en el área. Conclusiones: La naturaleza del fenómeno debe ser investigada a partir de la evaluación conjunta de ambos aspectos de la articulación trabajo-familia. Futuras investigaciones podrían avanzar hacia una tipología que incorpore las diversas combinaciones de CTF y ETF, ampliar los alcances del modelo para verificar su validez transcultural y validar instrumentos con adecuadas propiedades psicométricas para tales fines.
Abstract Objective: This revision paper aims to provide an update on theory and research focus on work-family interface. Method: A bibliographic research of academic full text articles over the past five years (2011-2016), in databases defined as Group 1 (AAA quality) by Conicet, using work-family interface, work-family conflict, work-family enrichment as descriptors, was made. After delimitating results according to certain selection criteria, we worked with a total of 54 papers. Results: The revision allowed to identify principal mechanisms linking workfamily interface, its constitutive dimensions, antecedent and consequent variables, as well as different and usefull assessment tools developed for evaluation. This revision shows that work-family literature has been dominated by a conflict perspective. In addition, the absence of a comprehensive theoretical framework to examine the positive effects of work and family interface, has prevented related researches in this area. Conlusions: The nature of the construct should be investigated based on the specific combinations between work-family conflict and work-family enrichment. Future research could move towards a typology that incorporates different combinations of WFC and WFE, extend the scope of the model to verify its transcultural validity and validate instruments with adequate psychometric properties for such purposes.
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Humans , Work/psychology , Family/ethnology , Family Conflict/psychology , Joints , Psychometrics , Unified Health SystemABSTRACT
Abstract The aim of this study was twofold: to analyze the possible relationships between employees' personality (as measured by core self-evaluations or CSE) and their feelings of work-family enrichment (WFE); and to examine whether distributive justice perceptions act as a mediator in such relationships. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect data from 386 employees in public and private organizations located in Argentina. Structural equation modelling was used to examine two integrative models that combined CSE, distributive justice, and WFE. Results reveal a good fit of the full mediation model (S-Bx2 = 3.18, GFI= .99, CFI= .99, RMSEA= .03), in which distributive justice perceptions fully mediated the relations between CSE and WFE (y = .13, IC= [-.03; .27]) and between CSE and FEW (y = .09, IC= [-.08; .25]). Findings are discussed in the light of its theoretical and practical implications. The study provides valuable information for organizational authorities and HR managers to focus their efforts on both the development of CSE traits and the creation of fair and equitable work environments.
Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue doble: analizar las relaciones entre la personalidad de los empleados (operacionalizada como núcleo de autoevaluaciones, NAE) y el enriquecimiento trabajo-familia (ETF); y examinar si las percepciones de justicia distributiva desempeñan un rol mediador en tales relaciones. Se realizó una verificación empírica de corte transversal sobre 386 empleados de organizaciones públicas y privadas localizadas en Argentina. Análisis de ecuaciones estructurales indicaros un adecuado ajuste para un modelo de mediación total (S-Bx2 = 3.18, GFI= .99, CFI = .99, RMSEA= .03), en el que las percepciones de justicia distributiva median las relaciones del NAE con ETF (y = .13, IC= [-.03; .27]) y con EFT (y = .09, IC= [-.08; .25]). Se discuten los resultados a la luz de sus implicaciones prácticas. Este estudio proporciona información valiosa para que directivos organizacionales y gerentes de recursos humanos focalicen sus esfuerzos tanto en el desarrollo de los rasgos del NAE, como en la creación de ambientes de trabajo justos.
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Role , Social Justice , Work , Self Efficacy , Diagnostic Self Evaluation , Personality , Family , Organizations , Cross-Sectional Studies , Emotions , EnvironmentABSTRACT
Objective To examine the mediating role of work?family enrichment between family supportive supervisor behavior and nurses'career resilience. Methods Totally 727 nurses selected by clus?ter?random?sampling were investigated by the family supportive supervisor behaviors scale( FSSBS) ,the wok?family enrichment scale( WFES) and the career resilience scale( CRS) . Results The scores of family sup?portive supervisor behavior,work to family enrichment,family to work enrichment and career resilience were (3.74±0.68),(3.36±0.77),(3.59±0.72) and (3.41±0.84) respectively. The family supportive supervisor behavior( r=0.31, P<0.01) ,work to family enrichment( r=0.32, P<0.01) and family to wok enrichment( r=0.30, P<0.01) were positively related to career resilience. The family supportive supervisor behavior posi?tively influenced career resilience(P<0.01). Work?family enrichment partially mediated the association be?tween family supportive supervisor behavior and career resilience, accounted for 37. 7% of the total effect. Conclusion Health organizations should try to build family supportive organizational climate and improve nurses'level of work?family enrichment and career resilience,then promote job performance and job satisfac?tion.
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Objective: To develop a questionnaire that can well measure the concept of work-family enrichment. Methods: 225 valid data from 3 enterprises were collected in order to develop work-family questionnaire by exploratory factor analysis. 268 samples from other 10 enterprises were collected to test the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. Results: ① Work -family enrichment questionnaire was composed of two second -order factors: work to family enrichment and family to work enrichment. Each second -order factor was composed of two first -order factors: instrumental enrichment and psychological enrichment. ②The structure validity and criteria-related validity of this work- family enrichment questionnaire were good. ③ The Cronbach ? of work to family enrichment and family to work enrichment were 0.86、0.84. The Cronbach ? of the whole questionnaire was 0.89. Conclusion: Work-family enrichment questionnaire has good construct validity、criteria-related validity and internal consistency reliability.